|aViruses, plagues, and history :|bpast, present, and future /|cMichael B. A. Oldstone.
250
|aSecond edition.
260
1
|aNew York, NY :|bOxford University Press,|c[2020]
300
|axxii, 485 pages :|billustrations (black and white), maps (black and white) ;|c21 cm.
336
|atext|btxt|2rdacontent.
337
|aunmediated|bn|2rdamedia.
338
|avolume|bnc|2rdacarrier.
504
|aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505
0
|aAuthor's note: Covid-19 -- Part one: Viruses, plagues, and history : 1 A general introduction -- 2 Introduction to the principles of virology -- 3 Introduction to the principles of immunology -- Part two: success stories -- 4 Smallpox: the geopolitical impact of smallpox -- 5 Yellow fever -- 6 Measles virus -- 7 Poliomyelitis -- 8 Hepatitis viruses: oysters, blood transfusions, and cancer -- Part three: present and future challenges An overview of newly emerging viral plagues: the hemorrhagic fevers and a newly mysterious suspect of viral disease, acute flaccid paralysis -- 10 Lassa fever -- 11 Ebola -- 12 Hantavirus -- 13 Severe acute respiratory syndrome, the first pandemic of the twenty-first century -- Middle east respiratory syndrome -- And the 2019-2020 outbreak of 2019-nCoV -- 14 West Nile virus: deaths of crows and humans -- 15 Zika comes to the western hemisphere and Americas: how, when, consequences -- 16 Human immunodeficiency virus: AIDS, the current plague 17 Mad cow disease and Englishmen: dementia of humans-prions: folding protein transmissible diseases -- 18 Influenza virus, the plague that will continue -- 19 Apathy and ignorance: false prophets of autism and the anti-vaccine movement -- 20 Conclusions and future predictions.
520
|a"Here, my previous edition of Viruses, Plagues, & History is updated to reflect both progress and disappointment since that publication. This edition describes newcomers to the range of human infections, specifically, plagues that play important roles in this 21st century. The first is Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), an infection related to Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). SARS was the first new-found plague of this century. Zika virus, which is similar to yellow fever virus in being transmitted by mosquitos, is another of the recent scourges. Zika appearing for the first time in the Americas is associated with birth defects and a paralytic condition in adults. Lastly, illness due to hepatitis viruses were observed prominently during the second World War initially associated with blood transfusions and vaccine inoculations. Since then, hepatitis virus infections have afflicted millions of individuals, in some leading to an acute fulminating liver disease or more often to a life-long persistent infection. A subset of those infected has developed liver cancer. However, in a triumph of medical treatments for infectious diseases, pharmaceuticals have been developed whose use virtually eliminates such maladies. For example, Hepatitis C virus infection has been eliminated from almost all (>97%) of its victims. This incredible result was the by-product of basic research in virology as well as cell and molecular biology during which intelligent drugs were designed to block events in the hepatitis virus life-cycle"--|cProvided by publisher.
More people were killed by smallpox during the twentieth century--over 300 million--than by all of the wars of that period combined. In 1918 and 1919, influenza virus claimed over 50 million lives. A century later, influenza is poised to return, ongoing plagues of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis infect millions, and Ebola, Zika, and West Nile viruses cause new concern and panic. The overlapping histories of humans and viruses are ancient. Earliest cities became both the cradle of civilization and breeding grounds for the first viral epidemics. This overlap is the focus of virologist/immunologist Michael Oldstone in Viruses, Plagues and History. Oldstone explains principles of viruses and epidemics while recounting stories of viruses and their impact on human history. This fully updated second edition includes engrossing new chapters on hepatitis, Zika, and contemporary threats such as the possible return of a catastrophic influenza, and the impact of fear of autism on vaccination efforts. This is a fascinating panorama of humankind’s longstanding conflict with unseen viral enemies, both human successes--such as control of poliomyelitis, measles, smallpox and yellow fever, and continued dangers--such as HIV and Ebola. Impeccably researched and accessibly written, Viruses, Plagues and History will fascinate all with an interest in how viral illnesses alter the course of human history.
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